Databases are structures where various types of structured data are stored in a specific order. Data is organized and kept in databases to facilitate easy access when needed.

What is a Database?

Databases are software collections of digital data stored in a specific arrangement. Databases, emerging from the need for data organization, systematize the storage and access of data. They are created and managed using software known as Database Management Systems (DBMS). Using DBMS, operations like data entry, editing, and deletion are straightforward.

An example of a database could be a library with hundreds of books and a list of the stored books. This list contains information like the book's name, the author's name, the shelf, and the row where it's located. When a book is needed, a librarian can find it using the list. In this example, the book list is the database, while the notebook, pen, and the created table or chart are the database management system.

What Does a Database Do?

In simple terms, databases store and record data. The data is organized and kept in databases in a specific order. Databases allow quick access to information when needed.

Databases have extensive usage. Storing personal information, order details, and patient data are just a few examples of why databases are used. For instance, using a database is an excellent solution to record customers' personal information and their purchases. You can quickly learn which customer placed which order when necessary.

What Are the Types of Databases?

Various types of databases have been developed and are currently in use. These differ depending on the data storage system and their intended purpose. Some of the specialized types of databases are:

Relational Databases

This is one of the oldest and most commonly used types of databases. Data is stored in tables comprising rows and columns. Multiple tables can be linked to store related data.

Object-oriented Databases

In these databases, data is stored as objects. This system applies object-oriented programming models to databases.
Distributed Databases: These databases are stored across different devices. Rather than keeping all data in one system, it is spread across multiple machines, sometimes in different locations. This method is often used when sensitive information requires stricter security.

Cloud Databases

This type of database exists in cloud platforms. Data is stored directly in a cloud-based database. Since there's no need for physical storage and server infrastructure, this is a highly advantageous solution.

NoSQL Databases

NoSQL databases, which stands for ""Not Only SQL,"" are used to store unstructured and non-relational data. They offer faster access to data because they store it in a file system-like format.

Graph Databases

Graph databases are an alternative that operates similarly to relational databases. In these databases, objects are stored as nodes, with the relationships between nodes taking precedence. This is commonly used when exploring relationships between data is a primary focus.