Object-oriented is a planning process where objects containing grouped data interact with each other to represent an entity. It is widely used in programming languages. It employs prototypes of objects to solve problems and constructs systems based on logical objects. It involves creating, using, and modifying objects to complete a particular task or process.

What is Object-Oriented?

Object-oriented is a computer science concept used in programming languages and software. Unlike traditional methods focused on functions, object-oriented approaches assign attributes or behaviors to each object. Objects used in object-oriented systems can be reused in other object-oriented systems.

Given that computer and software systems are more flexible and less constrained by physical and financial limitations than physical systems, they tend to become complex over time. The object-oriented approach helps reduce this complexity.

In object-oriented methodology, objects are categorized, creating hierarchies and relationships among objects. Objects have a degree of autonomy and interact with each other within a hierarchical system. This approach is often preferred for analysis, design, and programming.

What are the Components of Object-Oriented Systems?

Object-oriented systems consist of five main components. Let's examine these components:

• Object/class: Data structures with assigned methods and functions. They can be upper-level objects or parts of other objects.
• Information hiding: Objects that are not affected by other objects. They exist independently in the object-oriented system.
• Inheritance: The component that allows one object to transform into another.
• Interface: Each object-oriented system has a control interface.
• Polymorphism: The ability of an object to be transformed by its subclasses, increasing object diversity.

What is Object-Oriented Programming?

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming methodology that uses object-oriented components and techniques. It is built on the concept of classes, which combine variables and methods, and the concept of objects, which hold and process data. The goal is to create programs by dividing them into manageable and controllable parts. Also known as object-oriented programming, OOP is fast and easy to implement, providing a clear structure in software architecture. Problems are solved according to real-world scenarios, and once an object is created, it can be reused or modified for other programs. Some programming languages that use object-oriented programming include:

• C++
• Delphi
• Python
• Java
• Swift
• C#
• Ruby
• Perl

What Are the Features of Object-Oriented Programming?

Object-oriented programming has four main characteristics:

• Abstraction: Defines the features and functional structure of a class.
• Encapsulation: Allows a class to hide certain features and expose others to other objects.
• Inheritance: Allows common features of a class to be inherited and used by other objects.
• Polymorphism: Allows the function of common features used in interactions among objects to change.